Air conditioning

It depends on building size and use. VRF usually suits small and mid-size buildings with zones on different schedules; chillers suit large floor areas with high, steady loads such as hospitals or malls. The right answer comes from comparing lifecycle cost, not just capital cost.

There is no single figure per square metre: the load depends on occupancy, equipment, orientation, glazing, ventilation and local climate. That is why we run a thermal load calculation before selecting equipment — oversizing costs as much as undersizing.

A packaged unit holds every component in one cabinet, usually on the roof, and distributes air through ducts; a split separates the outdoor condensing unit from the indoor unit. Packaged units are common in large retail spaces; splits and cassettes in offices and smaller spaces.

A system designed to control temperature and humidity accurately around the clock in technical rooms, data centres and laboratories, where comfort equipment is not enough.

With preventive maintenance, commercial equipment typically runs 10 to 20 years depending on type, environment (coastal salt speeds up wear) and operating hours. Maintenance and anti-corrosion protection make the difference.